Titanium Grades and Material Specifications: GR1 – GR23 Explained
Titanium Grades Chart & Material Specifications
Titanium is standardized into grades because industries require predictable, repeatable, and globally recognized material performance.
Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium Alloys are divided into multiple grades to reflect differences in strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, weldability, and service environment.
These classifications allow engineers and procurement teams to specify materials with confidence across ASTM, ISO, GB/T, JIS, DIN, and GOST systems.
This chart provides the essential framework behind titanium grade classification and their engineering relevance.
Titanium Grades Comparison Table
| Grade | ASTM Standard | GB/T | JIS | DIN | GOST | Key Features | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA1 | TP270 | 3.7025 | BT1-00 | Highest ductility, excellent corrosion resistance | Chemical equipment, marine environment |
| Grade 2 | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA2 | TP340 | 3.7035 | BT1-0 | Balanced strength and corrosion resistance, most widely used | Heat exchangers, pipelines, pressure vessels |
| Grade 3 | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA3 | TP480 | 3.7055 | BT3-0 | Higher strength than GR2 | Aerospace parts, industrial manufacturing |
| Grade 4 | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA4 | TP550 | 3.7065 | BT4 | Strongest CP titanium | Chemical and industrial components |
| Grade 5 (Ti‑6Al‑4V) | ASTM B265 / B348 / AMS 4928 | TC4 | Ti‑6Al‑4V | 3.7165 | BT6 | Most common alloy, high strength | Aerospace, medical implants |
| Grade 7 (Ti‑0.2Pd) | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA9 | TP325 | 3.7235 | BT7 | Palladium alloyed, superior corrosion resistance | Chemical processing |
| Grade 9 (Ti‑3Al‑2.5V) | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA18 | Ti‑3Al‑2.5V | / | BT9 | High-strength tubing alloy | Aerospace tubing, bicycles |
| Grade 11 (Ti‑0.15Pd) | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA10 | — | / | BT11 | Palladium alloyed, enhanced corrosion resistance | Chemical and marine environments |
| Grade 12 (Ti‑0.3Mo‑0.8Ni) | ASTM B265 / B348 | TA12 | — | 3.7105 | BT12 | Excellent corrosion resistance with added strength | Chemical, petrochemical equipment |
| Grade 23 (Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI) | ASTM B348 / AMS 4930 | TC4ELI | Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI | 3.7165 | BT23 | Extra-low interstitial, medical grade | Surgical implants |
Chemical Composition & Mechanical Properties
Each grade has defined limits for C, Fe, O, N, H and alloying elements. Mechanical properties include tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. These specifications ensure consistent performance across industries.
Applications of Titanium Grades
- GR1–GR4: Chemical equipment, heat exchangers, pipelines
- GR5 / GR23: Aerospace structures, surgical implants
- GR7 / GR11 / GR12: Harsh corrosion environments (acid, chloride, petrochemical)
- GR9: Aerospace tubing, high-performance bicycles
International Standards for Titanium
Titanium grades are standardized across multiple systems:
- ASTM / AMS (USA)
- GB/T (China)
- ISO (International)
- JIS (Japan)
- DIN (Germany)
- GOST (Russia)
Procurement must confirm the correct standard system to ensure material consistency.
Mechanical properties of titianium and titanium alloys
| ASTM B265 | Element Content(wt%) | Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| N,max | C,max | H,max | Fe, max | O, max | Others | Tensile Strength Mpa,min | Elongation%min | |
| GR1 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.20 | 0.18 | – | 240 | 24 |
| GR2 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 345 | 20 | |
| GR3 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 450 | 18 | |
| GR4 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 550 | 15 | |
| GR5 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 0.2 | Al:5.5-6.75V:3.5-4.5 | 895 | 10 |
| GR7 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.30 | 0.25 | Pd:0.12-0.25 | 345 | 20 |
| GR9 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.15 | Al:2.5-3.5V:2.0-3.0 | 620 | 15 |
| GR11 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.2 | 0.18 | Pd:0.12-0.25 | 240 | 24 |
| GR23 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.0125 | 0.25 | 0.13 | Al:5.5-6.5 V:3.5-4.5 | 828 | 10 |
Comprehensive Pure Titanium & Titanium Alloy Grades for Global Industrial Applications
BOZE Metal offers a complete range of high-quality titanium grades, covering commercially pure titanium and high-performance titanium alloys, all manufactured and supplied in strict compliance with international ASTM and ISO standards. We provide stable, traceable titanium materials that cater to three core business scenarios: raw material supply, standard parts production, and precision custom machining via BOZO CNC-Ti, our professional processing brand. Each grade is designed to deliver optimal performance for specific industrial, medical, marine, and energy applications, with consistent quality and reliable mechanical properties.
Commercially Pure Titanium Grades
- GR1 Titanium – Highest purity level, exceptional ductility, superior corrosion resistance, ideal for severe corrosion environments and thin-walled components. Suitable for chemical processing equipment, medical device shells, and general corrosion-resistant parts.
- GR2 Titanium – The most widely used commercial pure titanium grade, balanced strength and corrosion resistance, cost-effective, easy to machine and form. Perfect for general industrial manufacturing, marine equipment, heat exchangers, and daily mechanical parts.
Titanium Alloy Grades
- GR5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) – High-strength alpha-beta titanium alloy, medical and aerospace certified, top-selling grade for high-stress applications. Widely used in surgical implants, aerospace structural parts, automotive components, and high-precision BOZO CNC-Ti machined parts.
- GR7 Titanium – Palladium-added titanium alloy, ultra-high crevice corrosion resistance, designed for harsh acidic and chloride-rich environments. Ideal for chemical reaction vessels, offshore engineering, and marine pipeline systems.
- GR12 Titanium – Cost-effective corrosion-resistant alloy with excellent weldability and formability, suitable for pressure vessels, energy equipment, and seawater desalination devices. A reliable choice for industrial projects requiring balanced performance and budget control.
Grade Selection & Service Guidance
Unsure about the right titanium grade for your project? Our technical team provides professional material selection support, helping you choose the most suitable grade based on application scenario, performance requirements, and budget. All titanium grades are available in various forms including bars, plates, sheets, and tubes, and can be further processed into standard parts or custom precision components through BOZO CNC-Ti’s one-stop machining service. We support small-batch trials, mass production, and customized size processing to meet diverse customer needs.